Electricity transmission and distribution (T&D) networks are critical to economic growth, regional integration, and access to modern energy. Yet these systems are increasingly exposed to the intensifying impacts of climate change—including extreme heat, flooding, wildfires, landslides, and sand and dust storms—that threaten their reliability, lifespan, and financial viability. Strengthening the resilience of T&D infrastructure is therefore essential to safeguard energy security and sustain development gains.

This technical brief outlines a practical framework for assessing climate risks and implementing targeted adaptation measures across the project cycle. Drawing on lessons from the Mauritania–Mali Interconnection, Eastern Ethiopia Grid Reinforcement, and Mozambique Songo-Matambo projects, it offers tested methodologies, cost–benefit evidence, and actionable solutions that utilities, financiers, and policymakers can apply to design, operate, and maintain climate-resilient power systems.